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Designing Privacy-Preserving Visual Perception for Robot Navigation Based on User Privacy Preferences

X. Huang, S. Pan, D. Reinhardt, M. Bennewitz

Designing Privacy-Preserving Visual Perception for Robot Navigation Based on User Privacy Preferences

Visual navigation is a fundamental capability of

mobile service robots, yet the onboard cameras required for

such navigation can capture privacy-sensitive information and

raise user privacy concerns. Existing approaches to privacy-

preserving navigation-oriented visual perception have largely

been driven by technical considerations, with limited grounding

in user privacy preferences. In this work, we propose a

user-centered approach to designing privacy-preserving visual

perception for robot navigation. To investigate how user privacy

preferences can inform such design, we conducted two user

studies. The results show that users prefer privacy-preserving

visual abstractions and capture-time low-resolution preserva-

tion mechanisms: their preferred RGB resolution depends

both on the desired privacy level and robot proximity during

navigation. Based on these findings, we further derive a user-

configurable distance-to-resolution privacy policy for privacy-

preserving robot visual navigation.

Arxiv Pre-print

2026

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